发热、血钠联合中性粒细胞百分比对肺结核继发结核性脑膜炎的诊断价值

 目的 探讨发热、血钠联合中性粒细胞百分比对肺结核继发结核性脑膜炎（TBM）的诊断价值。方法 收集2015年10月—2018年10月某院收治的肺结核患者临床资料，将146例诊断为肺结核继发TBM的患者作为研究组，按入院时间以1∶4的比例分层抽取584例肺结核未继发TBM的患者作为对照组，比较两组患者血钠、中性粒细胞百分比、临床发热症状指标及三者联合诊断肺结核继发TBM的效能，计算曲线下面积（AUC）并确定临界点。结果 30条纤维支气管镜使用后未清洗前，内镜外表面RLU中位值为911.5，合格率为16.7%；酶洗后机洗前，内镜外表面RLU中位值为234.0，合格率为43.3%。每组30条纤维支气管镜经消毒剂分别浸泡消毒5、3 min后的气管镜外表面RLU中位值分别为25.0、23.5，合格率均为100.0%。血钠及中性粒细胞百分比诊断肺结核继发TBM患者的临界点分别为135.30 mmol/L、73.40%。发热、血钠、中性粒细胞百分比及三者联合诊断肺结核继发TBM的AUC（95%CI）分别为0.732（0.688~0.776）、0.768（0.719~0.818）、0.727（0.679~0.776）、0.845（0.807~0.882），差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）；敏感度分别为80.82%、56.85%、65.07%、63.70%，特异度分别为65.58%、87.50%、73.46%、89.38%，前三者曲线下面积差异无统计学意义，三者联合诊断效能更高。结论 发热、血钠<135.30 mmol/L或血中性粒细胞百分比>73.40%对肺结核继发TBM均有诊断意义，三者无明显优劣之分，但三者联合对肺结核继发TBM有更高的诊断价值。     

Effects of High-Voltage Pulsed Radiofrequency on the Ultrastructure and Nav1.7 Level of the Dorsal Root Ganglion in Rats With Spared Nerve Injury

ObjectivesTo investigate the analgesic effect of high-voltage pulsed radiofrequency (HV-PRF) on the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) for neuropathic pain induced by spared nerve injury (SNI) in rats, especially the influence of this treatment on the DRG ultrastructure and voltage-gated sodium channel 1.7 (Nav1.7) level in the DRG.Materials and MethodsOne hundred fifty adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups: Sham, SNI, Free-PRF, standard-voltage PRF (SV-PRF), and HV-PRF. The 45V-PRF and 85V-PRF procedures applied to the left L5 DRG were performed in SV-PRF group and the HV-PRF group, respectively, on day 7 after SNI, whereas no PRF was concurrently delivered in Free-PRF group. The paw mechanical withdrawal threshold (PMWT) was detected before SNI (baseline) and on days 1, 3, 7, 8, 10, 14, and 21. The changes of left L5 DRG ultrastructure were analyzed with transmission electron microscopy on days 14 and 21. The expression levels of Nav1.7 in left L5 DRG were detected by immunofluorescence and Western blot.ResultsCompared with the Free-PRF group, PMWT in the SV-PRF group and HV-PRF group were both significantly increased after PRF (all p < 0.05). Meanwhile, the PMWT was significantly higher in the HV-PRF group than that in the SV-PRF group on days 14 and 21 (all p < 0.05). There were statistically significant differences between the SV-PRF and Free-PRF groups (p < 0.05). Similarly, statistically significant difference was found between the HV-PRF and Free-PRF groups (p < 0.05). Especially, comparison of the SV-PRF group and the HV-PRF group revealed statistically significant difference (p < 0.05). The Nav1.7 levels were significantly downregulated in the SV-PRF group and HV-PRF groups compared to that in the Free-PRF group (all p < 0.01). A significantly lower Nav1.7 level was also found in the HV-PRF group compared to that in the SV-PRF group (p < 0.05).ConclusionsThe HV-PRF produces a better analgesic effect than SV-PRF applied to the DRG in SNI rats. The underlying mechanisms may be associated with improving the histopathological prognosis and the downregulation of Nav1.7 levels in the DRG.     

中西医结合治疗慢性盆腔炎的临床效果

〔摘 要〕 目的：探究中西医结合治疗慢性盆腔炎的临床效果。方法：选取 2018 年 11 月至 2019 年 11 月佛冈县人民医 院收治的慢性盆腔炎患者 120 例为研究对象，基于随机数字表法分为对照与观察组，各 60 例。对照组给予常规西医治疗， 观察组则实施中西医结合治疗。比较两组患者临床有效率、各项症状消失时间及复发率情况。结果：观察组患者临床治疗 总有效率为 90.00 %，高于对照组的 78.33 %，差异具有统计学意义（P ＜ 0.05）。观察组患者白带异常增多、呕吐恶心、 腰部疼痛症状消失时间均短于对照组，差异具有统计学意义（P ＜ 0.05）。观察组患者的复发率为 3.33 %，明显低于对照 组的 15.00 %，差异具有统计学意义（P ＜ 0.05）。结论：采用中西医结合治疗慢性盆腔炎效果显著，能有效提高治疗有效率， 改善患者症状，降低复发率。     

帕瑞昔布钠预防腹腔镜胆囊切除术后咽喉痛疗效观察

目的观察帕瑞昔布钠预防腹腔镜胆囊切除术后咽喉痛的疗效。方法选取2018年6月至2019年1月在重庆市北碚区中医院择期行腹腔镜胆囊切除术的130例全身麻醉患者作为研究对象,性别不限,年龄21~67岁,美国麻醉医师协会分级为Ⅰ、Ⅱ级,随机分为帕瑞昔布钠组(P组)和生理盐水组(S组)。手术结束前10 min P组患者静脉注射帕瑞昔布钠40 mg,S组患者静脉注射等容量生理盐水。记录两组患者术后拔管即刻,术后2、6、12、24 h咽喉痛的视觉模拟评分(VAS评分)。观察并记录拔管期间出现不良反应情况,随访记录患者术后6 h咽喉部并发症发生率、静脉自控镇痛(PCIA)使用情况,以及术后24、48 h 15项恢复质量量表评分。结果P组患者术后拔管即刻,术后2、6、12 h VAS评分均低于S组,PCIA按压次数均少于S组,拔管期间不良反应发生率、术后6 h咽喉部并发症发生率均明显低于S组,术后24、48 h QoR-15项恢复质量量表评分均明显高于S组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论帕瑞昔布钠能有效减轻腹腔镜胆囊切除术后咽喉痛发生情况。     

洛索洛芬钠片辅助治疗骨关节炎的疗效及不良反应

目的探讨洛索洛芬钠片辅助治疗骨关节炎的效果及不良反应。方法选择2018年1月至2020年1月郑州市骨科医院收治的150例确诊为骨关节炎的患者作为观察对象,根据治疗方式不同分为观察组和对照组,每组75例。对照组基于玻璃酸钠注射液治疗,每周行关节腔内注射25 mg,5次为1疗程,共治疗2个疗程。观察组在此基础上联合洛索洛芬钠片,每次60 mg,每天3次,持续治疗10周。比较治疗前后两组患者关节滑液肿瘤坏死因子、细胞白介素水平;患者疼痛程度、膝关节功能以及不良反应情况。结果观察组治疗有效率为97.33%(73/75),对照组为84.00%(63/75),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗前,两组之间的VAS和WOMAC评分比较差异未见统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后观察组膝关节疼痛和疼痛的改善优于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗前两组患者的白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β),白细胞介素-6(IL-6)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平比较差异未见统计学意义(P>0.05),治疗后观察组上述炎性因子水平低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组不良反应发生率为2.67%(2/75),低于对照组(12%,9/75),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论洛索洛芬钠片能有效患者患者疼痛和膝关节症状,提高患者治疗效果且疗效确切,值得借鉴。     

补肾壮骨汤联合针灸及阿仑膦酸钠治疗骨质疏松症的临床效果评估

目的:探讨补肾壮骨汤联合针灸及阿仑膦酸钠治疗骨质疏松症的临床效果。方法:将2018年5月-2019年5月本院接收的骨质疏松症患者94例作为本次研究中的主要观察对象。通过电脑随机法,予以分组探讨,包括常规组(予以阿仑膦酸钠治疗)、研究组(阿仑膦酸钠,补肾壮骨汤联合针灸),各47例。结果:研究组临床疗效高于常规组(P<0.05);研究组治疗后中医证候积分、疼痛视觉模拟评分量表(Visual Analogue Scale,VAS)评分均低于常规组(P<0.05);研究组全髋以及腰椎L1-4骨密度高于常规组(P<0.05);研究组血清骨钙素(Bone Gla Protein,BGP)以及血清钙(Calcium,Ca)骨代谢指标高于常规组,碱性磷酸酶(Alkaline Phosphatase,ALP)低于常规组(P<0.05),两组血清磷(Phosphorus,P)水平无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论:应用阿仑膦酸钠治疗的同时,予以针灸联合补肾壮骨汤口服治疗,能够显著减轻患者症状,增加骨密度,优化骨代谢,效果确切,值得临床大力推荐。     

Nobiletin and its derivatives overcome multidrug resistance (MDR) in cancer: total synthesis and discovery of potent MDR reversal agents

Our recent studies demonstrated that the natural product nobiletin (NOB) served as a promising multidrug resistance (MDR) reversal agent and improved the effectiveness of cancer chemotherapy in vitro. However, low aqueous solubility and difficulty in total synthesis limited its application as a therapeutic agent. To tackle these challenges, NOB was synthesized in a high yield by a concise route of six steps and fourteen derivatives were synthesized with remarkable solubility and efficacy. All the compounds showed improved sensitivity to paclitaxel (PTX) in P-glycoprotein (P-gp) overexpressing MDR cancer cells. Among them, compound 29d exhibited water solubility 280-fold higher than NOB. A drug-resistance A549/T xenograft model showed that 29d, at a dose of 50 mg/kg co-administered with PTX (15 mg/kg), inhibited tumor growth more effective than NOB and remarkably increased PTX concentration in the tumors via P-gp inhibition. Moreover, Western blot experiments revealed that 29d inhibited expression of NRF2, phosphorylated ERK and AKT in MDR cancer cells, thus implying 29d of multiple mechanisms to reverse MDR in lung cancer.     

MR Features of Juxta-Articular Venous Malformations of the Knee to Predict the Clinical Outcome of Sclerotherapy

PurposeTo analyze and correlate preinterventional magnetic resonance (MR) imaging findings with clinical symptoms after percutaneous sclerotherapy of venous malformations (VMs) adjacent to the knee.Materials and MethodsTwenty-five patients (mean age, 24 y; range, 7–55 y; 11 female) with 26 VMs adjacent to the knee undergoing sclerotherapy (direct puncture, diagnostic angiography, sclerosant injection) were identified, and MR imaging findings were analyzed. The VM involved the synovium of the knee joint in 19 of 26 cases (76%). These lesions were associated with joint effusion (3 of 19; 16%), hemarthrosis (4 of 19; 21%), or synovial thickening (16 of 19; 84%). Follow-up ended 6–8 weeks after the first or second sclerotherapy session if complete pain relief was achieved or 3 months after the third sclerotherapy session. Treatment outcomes were categorized as symptom improvement (complete or partial pain relief) or poor response (unchanged or increased pain).ResultsForty-nine percutaneous sclerotherapy sessions were performed. Despite the absence of signs of knee osteoarthritis, patients with a VM involving the synovium (8 of 14; 57%) showed a poor response to sclerotherapy (1 of 8 [13%] pain-free after 1 sclerotherapy session). Among patients with VMs with no associated joint alteration and no synovial involvement (6 of 14; 43%), 5 of 6 (83%) showed improvement of symptoms after 1 sclerotherapy session (P < .05).ConclusionsJuxta-articular VMs of the knee are frequently associated with hemarthrosis and synovial thickening. Patients with signs of osteoarthritis and synovial involvement of the VM on presclerotherapy MR imaging deserve special consideration, as these findings predict worse clinical symptoms after sclerotherapy.     

24-h urinary sodium excretion and the risk of adverse outcomes

Abstract

Aims

The objective was to evaluate whether sodium intake, assessed with the gold standard 24-h urinary collections, was related to long-term incidence of death, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes mellitus (DM).